Because it can be difficult even for humans to recognize others' sloppy handwriting, identifying handwritten numbers is a common test for programming intelligence into artificial neural networks.

These networks must be "taught" how to recognize numbers, account for variations in handwriting, then compare an unknown number to their so-called memories and decide the number's identity.

The innovative project involved running a neural network directly on a TI-84 Plus CE to recognize handwritten digits.

[2] Handwritten Arabic Character Recognition for Children Writing Using Convolutional Neural Network and Stroke Identification. Human-Centric Intelligent Systems (2023).