Its silica content determines how durable it is. As a result of the presence of silicon, melting temperature and magma flow rate are affected. Temperature, pressure, water content, and mineral ...

‘Additionally, the reduced weight from the melting ice above also allows dissolved water and carbon dioxide to form gas bubbles, which causes pressure to build up in the magma chamber and may ...

To time how fast a sprinter runs, you just need a stopwatch. To time how fast magma moves, you need to know a little bit ...

Data from previous missions had made planetary scientists wonder whether, rather than just pockets of melt, Io contained a 31-mile (50-kilometer) deep layer of magma: a moon-wide ocean of molten rock.

Consider a can of soda. When the can is closed (pressurized), the soda contains dissolved carbon dioxide (CO2). When you open ...

Heavier plates can slide beneath lighter ones, heating and melting the rock and creating magma. Volcanoes form as the magma ...

Io’s long-debated magma ocean may not exist. Juno spacecraft data reveals that tidal forces deform the moon differently than ...

By the end of the day, about 7 p.m. Pacific Standard Time, data from 16 crystals was collected and analyzed. The data, which ...

When magma erupts onto the surface, it is called lava. Magma typically consists of a liquid portion, often referred to as the melt; a solid portion made of minerals that crystallized directly from ...

The plates sit on top of boiling hot magma (melted rocks to you and me), called the Earth’s mantle. The plates sort of float about on the magma, moving to and fro, sliding into each other and ...

As magma rises from 100 km (67 miles ... UCB scientists compiled a large database of analyses of melt inclusions from other frequently erupting volcanic systems in the world, including Iceland ...