Spinal anesthesia is widely used to numb patients during surgery, but its effects sometimes wear off too soon.

I still remember when a patient woke up from hip surgery in tears—tears of relief. She had been terrified of waking up groggy ...

Heitor Medeiros, MD, and A. Sassan Sabouri, MD, of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine at Massachusetts General Hospital, are the lead and corresponding authors, respectively ...