There are two types of removal: Re-uptake – the neurotransmitter is reabsorbed back into the presynaptic neuron and restored inside a vesicle ready to be used again. For example, noradrenaline.

The researchers used fiber photometry systems to detect neurotransmitters, which involved injecting the mice with fluorescent sensors. This injection revealed how the brain’s chemical messengers ...

but according to Sulzer they haven't worked well for the dopamine system. Also, because the dyes bind to the vesicle membrane—unlike neurotransmitters, which are accumulated inside the vesicles ...

Recreational drugs can affect neurotransmitters in the reward pathway within the brain. They can act as either agonists or antagonists. Recreational drugs can also stimulate the release of ...