One recent experiment backs up Minkowski's answer — but still may not prove Abraham wrong. One might expect that the momentum of a photon, under almost any conditions, would no longer be a ...

Scientists have long used Gaussian beams to study how light interacts with matter. These beams resemble plane waves and rely mostly on dipole-active transitions. Because atoms are much smaller than ...

In this study, a qudit was implemented by the orbital angular momentum state of a single-photon, and dimensional expansion was possible by adjusting the phase of a photon through holographic images.

Slit, Which-Path Information, Quantum Superposition Nash, L. (2025) Quantum Entanglement and Young’s Experiment. Journal of ...

Deep ultraviolet (DUV) lasers, known for their high photon energy and short wavelengths, are essential in various fields such ...